Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain Tour
Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain Tour from Cusco is the perfect way to explore one of Peru’s most colorful natural wonders without the crowds. Located in the heart of the Andes, Palcoyo offers
The Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour is the hidden gem of the Andes you’ve been looking for. It’s the ultimate full day escape that offers an unforgettable rainbow mountain experience without the stress or the struggle. Seriously, this is the perfect, easy to access alternative if you want to escape the crowds of the famous Vinicunca.
Why choose this over the classic route? Simple. A Palccoyo tour completely changes the game. Unlike the exhausting Vinicunca trek, this route features a much shorter, moderate walk that feels more like a scenic stroll than a mountain climb. It is the ideal choice for a relaxed journey where you don’t have to sacrifice the views just to catch your breath.
On a Palcoyo mountain tour, you aren’t just seeing one peak, you get a landscape of three distinct rainbow colored mountains all mineral rich and vibrant best appreciated on an easy hike with insane 360 panoramic views.
PALCOYO RAINBOW MOUNTAIN TOUR FROM CUSCO
Your full day Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour begins with a scenic, immersive drive through the southern Andean highlands. Unlike other routes, this journey reveals vast valleys, herds of llamas, and towering peaks right from your window. As you ascend, the mountain colors start to intensify, creating a stunning natural spectacle before you even step off the bus. But this route offers more than just geology, it winds through traditional Quechua villages, providing an invaluable glimpse into authentic Andean culture.
This journey is a gateway to a different world. In these remote villages, you will witness an ancestral way of life, spotting locals tending to their alpacas and weaving intricate textiles just as they have for centuries. Our expert local guides enrich the Palcoyo mountain tour with a deeper understanding of the history and traditions that define this remarkable region. Truly, a Palccoyo tour is the superior choice for travelers seeking a rainbow mountain tour that seamlessly blends the raw beauty of nature with genuine cultural immersion all with the convenience of easy access.
Detailed Itinerary: Your Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain Tour
We have designed this timeline to maximize your views, prioritize your safety, and minimize the rush.
5:00 AM – Start Your Adventure: We pick you up directly from your Cusco hotel. Settle in for a relaxing drive through the South Valley towards the Palcoyo district.
6:30 AM – Fuel Up in Ccolca: We stop in the traditional town of Ccolca. Enjoy a warm, fresh Andean breakfast to get your energy up. This is also a great chance to stretch your legs and adjust to the rising altitude.
8:30 AM – Arrival at the Trailhead (4,900 m / 16,076 ft): This is where the magic starts. We arrive at the parking area which is incredibly close to the summit. Begin your easy, short hike on the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour, far away from the crowds and long lines of Vinicunca.
9:00 – 10:30 AM – The Gentle Hike: Enjoy a gentle 45 minute to 1 hour walk (1-2 km) through vibrant landscapes. Unlike the steep trek at Vinicunca, this path is flat and gradual, allowing you to enjoy the scenery of grazing llamas and alpacas without gasping for breath.
10:30 – 11:30 AM – Explore the Peaks & Stone Forest: You’ve arrived! Admire not just one, but three distinct rainbow colored peaks. You will also have time to explore the Stone Forest (Bosque de Piedras), with the massive Ausangate Glacier looming in the distance.
11:30 AM – 12:00 PM – Free Time & Photos: Take a moment to breathe. Capture those panoramic 360 degree shots in this peaceful, alternative rainbow mountain Peru experience.
12:30 – 1:30 PM – Lunch with a View: We descend back to the base and head to a local restaurant for a delicious, traditional Andean lunch prepared with local ingredients.
2:30 – 5:30 PM – Scenic Return: Relax on the drive back to the city, processing the incredible sights of the day. We drop you off at your hotel in Cusco around 5:30 PM, just in time for dinner.
Tour Facts & Logistics
Duration: Full day (Approx. 10-12 hours)
Hiking Distance: 2 km (1.2 miles) round trip – Significantly shorter than Vinicunca!
Max Altitude: 4,900 meters (16,076 feet)
Difficulty Level: Easy to moderate (The hike is flat, but the altitude is high).
Best Season: April – October (Dry season offers the sharpest colors).
Why Choose Machu Picchu Tours for Your Palcoyo Mountain Tour?
At Machu Picchu Tours, we believe travel should awaken your senses, not exhaust you. Our mission is to connect you with Peru’s heart through authentic, respectful, and sustainable experiences.
Here is why smart travelers choose us for their Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain day trip from Cusco:
Expert Storytellers: Our guides aren’t just hikers; they are locals trained in safety, first aid (including oxygen use), and cultural storytelling.
Small Group Experience: We keep it intimate (max 16 people). No rushed itineraries, just more time for you to enjoy the view on your Palccoyo tour.
Ethical Tourism: Your visit supports local communities directly. We respect the land and the people.
Reliable Service: We offer consistent service backed by hundreds of 5 star reviews from travelers just like you.
Flexible Options: Whether you need a private escape, a group vibe, or a family friendly pace, we customize the Palcoyo mountain tour to fit your needs.
When you book with us, you’re not just visiting Palcoyo; you’re helping preserve its beauty and empowering local families. Come walk with us, and let the Andes reveal their true colors to you.
In Depth Tour Highlights
The Three Rainbow Peaks Don’t settle for just one mountain. On a Palccoyo Rainbow Mountain tour, you walk among three stunning mountains layered with mineral rich colors. You will see stripes of terracotta, lavender, turquoise, and gold each created by millions of years of mineral sediments. Palcoyo’s hues shift subtly throughout the day, glowing golden in the morning sun and turning fiery red in the afternoon.
The Surreal Stone Forest (Bosque de Piedras) A unique feature of this route is the landscape of sharp limestone towers known as the Stone Forest. These jagged rocks jut out of the ground like ancient sculptures, adding a mystical touch to the trail. Locals say these rocks tell stories of ancient spirits who turned to stone to guard the mountains. Walking through them feels like stepping onto another planet.
Majestic Ausangate Views Throughout the hike, you will enjoy panoramic vistas of the mighty Ausangate Mountain, the highest peak in southern Peru (6,384 m) and a sacred Apu (mountain deity) to Andean culture. On clear days, its snow capped peak gleams like silver against the red rainbow hills, creating a photographer’s dream contrast.
Fewer Crowds, More Connection Unlike the busy Vinicunca trek, a Palcoyo mountain tour offers true serenity. Because it is a newer route, you won’t be fighting hundreds of people for a photo spot. Take your time, breathe deeply, and connect with the land without the rush. This is the ultimate easy rainbow mountain tour for those who value peace.
Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour Map
Photos
More Information About Palcoyo Mountain
Cusco - Ccolca - Pitumarca - Palcoyo -Cusco
PALCOYO RAINBOW MOUNTAIN TOUR ITINERARY
- 5:00 AM – Hotel Pick-up in Cusco City: Start your Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain day trip with an early morning pick-up from your hotel in Cusco. As you leave the sleeping city behind, the Andes awaken under a blanket of stars. Enjoy a scenic drive through small Andean villages and dramatic mountain valleys.
- 6:30 AM – Breakfast in Ccolca Town: Stop for a delicious Andean-style breakfast in the town of Ccolca. Here, you’ll taste local coffee, warm bread, and quinoa pancakes while watching the sun rise over the snow-capped peaks.
- 8:30 AM – Arrival at Palcoyo Trailhead (4,700 m / 15,420 ft): Arrive at the starting point of the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain hike. Your guide will explain the route, elevation, and cultural importance of the area. Unlike Vinicunca (Montaña de 7 Colores), there are no long lines, no rush—just open space and crisp mountain air.
- 9:00–10:30 AM – Gentle Hike to the Palcoyo Viewpoint: Enjoy a short and scenic 1–2 km hike (30–45 minutes each way) through colorful hills and herds of llamas. The trail is gentle and accessible for most travelers, offering panoramic views of three rainbow-colored mountains.
- 10:30–11:30 AM – Explore the Three Rainbow Mountains & Stone Forest: At the top, marvel at the surreal beauty of Palcoyo’s three rainbow peaks and the mysterious Stone Forest, a set of natural rock spires formed by centuries of wind and weather. On clear days, the sacred Ausangate Glacier gleams in the distance.
- 11:30 AM–12:00 PM – Free Time & Photos: Take your time—no long queues or crowded trails like at Vinicunca. Enjoy the silence, take panoramic photos, or simply sit and breathe in the thin, pure Andean air.
- 12:30–1:00 PM – Descent and Return to Trailhead: Descend at your own pace, passing by playful alpacas and the occasional local herder. Your guide will meet you at the base with snacks and water before heading to lunch.
- 1:30–2:30 PM – Lunch in a Local Andean Restaurant: Enjoy a freshly prepared buffet lunch in a traditional Andean restaurant near Ccolca, all made with local ingredients.
- 2:30–5:30 PM – Scenic Drive Back to Cusco: Relax on the return drive while admiring views of the Red Valley, Andean farmlands, and traditional villages. Arrive back in Cusco around 5:30 PM, with your heart full of color and your camera full of memories.
Estimated Duration
- Total tour time: 12 hours (Cusco - Palccoyo -Cusco)
- Hiking distance: 2 km round trip
- Elevation gain: 200 meters (easy to moderate)
- Max altitude: 4,900 meters (16,076 feet)
INCLUSIONS
What's Included?
- Entrance Fees to Palcoyo Mountain: Don’t worry about tickets; your entrance fee to Palcoyo Mountain is already included and will be handled by your guide upon arrival.
- Experienced Tour Guides: Our guides have over five years of experience leading groups through the stunning Palcoyo Mountain trails. They know every corner of the route and are passionate about sharing the culture, history, and natural beauty of this unique destination. Their goal is to make sure your journey is safe, smooth, and unforgettable.
- First Aid Kit: Safety is our top priority. Every guide carries a complete first aid kit, including medication for altitude sickness, headaches, and minor injuries. This ensures you get immediate care if needed during your adventure.
- Oxygen Tank: Since Palcoyo sits at nearly 4,940 meters (16,200 feet) above sea level, our guides always bring a metal oxygen tank for anyone who may experience shortness of breath at high altitude. You’ll hike confidently knowing that our team is fully prepared to assist you.
- Box Breakfast: Upon arrival at the starting point of the trek, we’ll provide a nutritious box breakfast to give you the energy you need before beginning your climb to the colorful mountains.
- Lunch: After visiting Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain, enjoy a complimentary lunch in Tio town. Each meal is freshly prepared with local ingredients a perfect way to refuel and relax before the return trip.
- Tourist Transportation: Travel comfortably in our modern tourist vans, fully licensed and equipped with seatbelts, oxygen, and a first aid kit. Our drivers are experienced professionals who prioritize your safety throughout the trip.
- Walking Sticks: We provide complimentary walking sticks to help you maintain balance and reduce strain on your knees while hiking the mountain trails.
- Hotel Pickup and Drop off: No need to worry about logistics. We’ll pick you up directly from your hotel in Cusco and drop you off at the end of the tour.
- Briefing: The evening before your trip, one of our team members will contact you via WhatsApp to confirm details, share recommendations, and answer any questions you may have.
- 24/7 Customer Support: Our customer service team is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, so you can reach us anytime for assistance or last minute updates.
What's not included?
- Additional snacks and beverages
- Travel insurance
- Personal expenses or optional gratuities
What to bring for your Palcoyo tour
Getting ready for your Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour? Trust us, packing for the high Andes is an art form. Up here at 4,900 meters (16,000 ft), the weather is famous for being "bipolar" it can be freezing wind one minute and intense tropical sun the next. To help you enjoy every second of your Palccoyo tour without shivering or getting sunburned, we’ve curated this essential list based on years of experience.
Here is exactly what you need to bring for a flawless Palcoyo mountain tour:
Clothing: Master the "Onion" Strategy (Layers!)
On a Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour, layers are your best friend. You want to be able to peel them off or pile them on instantly.
Warm Jacket (Down or Fleece): It is usually windy and cold at the summit. A quality down jacket is essential to keep you warm while you admire the views on your Palcoyo tour.
Rain Jacket or Poncho: Even in the dry season, the Andes are unpredictable. Unexpected showers happen! A light rain jacket or a practical poncho is a "better safe than sorry" item you should always have in your daypack.
Trekking Pants: Wear comfortable, flexible trousers. Pro Tip: Leave the jeans at the hotel. They are heavy, restrict movement, and if they get wet on your Palccoyo Rainbow Mountain tour, they stay wet and cold for hours. (Waterproof pants are a great bonus if you visit from Dec–March).
Long Sleeve Shirt: The sun is strong up here. A breathable long sleeve shirt protects your arms from UV rays without making you overheat.
Wool Hat (Beanie) & Gloves: When the sun hides behind a cloud, the temperature drops fast. A warm beanie and gloves will keep you cozy while you hold your camera.
Neck Gaiter or Scarf: This is a lifesaver for blocking the chilly wind from your face and neck.
Footwear: Happy Feet, Happy Hiker
Even though the Palcoyo mountain tour is an easier walk than other treks, you are still on a wild mountain trail.
Trekking Shoes: The path can be dusty in the dry season or slippery mud after a rain. Comfortable hiking boots with good grip make a massive difference.
Thick Socks: Keep your toes toasty! Good wool socks prevent blisters and keep your feet warm during the chilly early morning drive.
Protection: Don't Underestimate the Altitude
At this elevation, the atmosphere is thinner, meaning the sun is far more powerful than at the beach.
Sun Protection Trio: You need High SPF Sunscreen (apply it to your face, neck, and hands), SPF Lip Balm (chapped lips happen fast here), and a Wide Brimmed Sunhat.
Sunglasses: The reflection of the sun off the light colored soil and sometimes snow can be intense. Protect your eyes with good UV sunglasses to fully enjoy the colors of the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour.
Essentials & Tech
Hydration & Snacks: The dry mountain air dehydrates you quickly. Bring a reusable water bottle drinking water is the #1 way to fight altitude sickness! We provide food, but packing your favorite snacks (nuts, energy bars) is always a smart move for a quick energy boost.
Camera or Cellphone: Palcoyo is arguably the most photogenic spot in Peru. You’ll want to capture everything!
Portable Charger (Power Bank): Crucial Advice: Cold weather drains batteries incredibly fast. Bring a power bank so your phone doesn't die right before you reach the main viewpoint of your Palccoyo tour.
Cash (Soles): Bring some small change. You might want to buy a snack, use a local restroom, or tip a local villager for a photo with their cute alpaca.
Passport Copy: You don't need to risk bringing your original passport on the hike; a photocopy or a clear picture on your phone is enough for the control points.
Service Prices for the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain Tour
Here are the rates for our Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour. We offer two distinct options depending on the experience you are looking for:
REGULAR PRICE: $110 USD per person
Includes: Full transportation, professional guiding, and meals in a shared small group setting.
PRIVATE PRICE: $160 USD per person
The Private Advantage: This option is perfect if you prefer to hike at your own specific pace, stop for photos whenever you like, or simply want the guide's full attention for your group on this Palccoyo tour.
Group Size Configuration: Quality matters to us. Our Palcoyo Mountain tour is designed to be comfortable, so we typically operate with small groups of 6 to 8 travelers (with a strict maximum of 10). This size ensures you receive a safe, informative, and personalized experience led by our professional bilingual guides (English & Spanish) from pick-up to drop-off.
Optional Extras:
Walking Poles ($10 USD per pair): Professional adjustable trekking poles. Even on this easier hike, these provide great stability and support.
How to Book Your Palcoyo Mountain Tour
Booking your Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour is simple. Follow these steps to secure your spot:
Option 1: Online Booking
Select Your Date: Click the “BOOK NOW” button and choose your preferred travel date. We have daily departures available.
Enter Your Information: Fill in your basic personal details (Name, Nationality). Crucially, please provide your Hotel in Cusco and your WhatsApp number so we can coordinate your pick-up.
Secure Payment: Pay safely using any debit or credit card. (Note: An online processing fee of approximately 4.8% applies).
Confirmation: Once processed, you’ll receive an automatic email with your receipt and tour confirmation. A follow-up email will include detailed instructions to prepare you for your Palcoyo tour.
Deadline: Online bookings are open until 06:00 PM the day before the tour.
Option 2: Book at Our Office in Cusco
Prefer to book in person? Visit our office, and our staff will walk you through the details and show you the route map.
Location: Calle Garcilaso 210, Second Floor 210 B, Cusco – Peru.
Payment Methods:
Frequently Asked Questions about the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain Tour
We know you have questions, and we want you to feel totally confident before you book. Here is everything you need to know about the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour.
1. What exactly is the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain Tour?
Think of it as the "smart traveler's secret." Palcoyo is a stunning natural formation in the Peruvian Andes, famous for its vibrant layers of red, green, and yellow mineral sediment. It is widely known as the "Alternative Rainbow Mountain" because it offers a significantly easier, flatter, and less crowded experience compared to the classic Vinicunca. On a Palccoyo tour, you don't just see one peak; you get a panoramic view of three distinct rainbow mountains and the surreal Stone Forest.
2. Where is Palcoyo Mountain located?
Palcoyo is situated in the Cusipata district of the Canchis province, roughly 110 km (68 miles) southeast of the city. On our Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour from Cusco, the drive itself is part of the adventure. It takes about 3.5 to 4 hours each way, but the route is incredibly scenic, passing through picturesque Andean villages, colonial bridges, and vast valleys filled with herds of llamas and alpacas.
3. How difficult is the Palcoyo Mountain tour hike?
This is the best part: the hike on a Palcoyo Mountain tour is considered easy to moderate. Unlike the grueling trek at Vinicunca, this path is mostly flat and gentle, making it perfect for families, older travelers, or anyone who wants the views without the struggle.
Walking distance: Only about 1.5 km (1 mile).
Hiking time: A leisurely 30–45 minutes one way to the main viewpoint.
Terrain: Gentle slopes with no steep climbing required.
4. What is the schedule for the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour from Cusco?
To maximize your day, most of our Palcoyo tours follow this schedule:
Start: We pick you up from your Cusco hotel around 4:00–4:30 AM.
Breakfast: A warm stop in Cusipata or Combapata village to fuel up.
Arrival at Palcoyo: We reach the trailhead around 8:30–9:00 AM.
Return: After exploring and lunch, we drop you back in Cusco approximately around 4:00–5:00 PM.
5. How high is the altitude on a Palccoyo tour?
Even though the hike is easy, the altitude is real. Palcoyo sits at approximately 4,900 meters (16,000 feet) above sea level.
Expert Tip: Travelers should take it easy, stay hydrated, and—most importantly—spend at least two days acclimatizing in Cusco before taking the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour. Our guides carry oxygen just in case!
6. Is the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour better than Vinicunca?
For many travelers, the answer is a huge YES. Here is why the Palccoyo tour is often the superior choice:
Less Effort: You walk 45 minutes on flat ground vs. 3 hours of steep climbing at Vinicunca.
Zero Crowds: You enjoy the views in peace, without hundreds of other tourists blocking your photos.
More to See: You get three rainbow mountains plus the Stone Forest.
The Verdict: If you want similar (or better) views with a fraction of the effort, Palcoyo is the winner.
7. What is the best time of year to book a Palcoyo Mountain tour?
Dry Season (April to October): This is the ideal time. The skies are clear, and the mineral colors pop against the blue sky.
Rainy Season (November to March): Expect occasional showers and dramatic clouds. While the Palcoyo tour operates year round, the trail can be muddy during these months. However, the landscapes are incredibly green!
8. Are there restrooms available on the route?
Yes, but they are basic. There are restrooms available near the parking area at the trailhead and at the restaurant where we stop for breakfast and lunch.
Tip: Always carry small change (1 or 2 Soles) in coins, as local communities charge a small fee for maintenance.
9. Can children or older travelers do the Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour?
Absolutely! The Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour is famous for being family friendly. Thanks to its gentle slopes and short hiking distance, active children and older travelers can enjoy it comfortably. As long as they are acclimatized to the altitude, it is a safe and enjoyable experience for all ages.
10. Can I visit Palcoyo on my own or do I need a tour?
While it is technically possible to go independently, it is complicated and risky. Public transport doesn't go all the way to the mountain, and the road is rough. It is highly recommended to book a professional Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour. We handle the safe transportation, meals, oxygen for emergencies, and expert guiding, so you can just relax and enjoy the scenery.
Important Information & Logistics for Your Palcoyo Tour
To ensure your Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour runs perfectly, transparency is key. Here are the specific logistical details and expert recommendations you need to know before your trip.
1. Mandatory Briefing (The Pre-Trip Meeting)
We consider this step crucial for your safety. All briefings for the Palcoyo Mountain tour are held at our main office in Cusco (or at your hotel, if coordinated in advance) at 5:00 PM, one day before your tour.
Why is this necessary? This isn’t just a formality. It is a 30–45 minute strategy session where we check your gear (to ensure you have warm enough layers), introduce you to the route map, and provide the latest weather update for the mountain.
Flexibility: We know travel schedules are tight. If your flight lands late or you cannot attend in person, simply contact our operations team via email or WhatsApp. We will send you a digital briefing pack with all the essential details so you are fully prepared.
2. Luggage Storage Solutions
You should travel light for the hike.
Secure Storage: You are welcome to store your main luggage safely at our office during your Palcoyo tour completely free of charge.
Hotel Storage: Most hotels and hostels in Cusco offer free luggage storage for guests while they are on tours.
Security Advice: While bags are secure, we strongly recommend not leaving high-value items (cash, passports, expensive electronics) inside checked luggage. Instead, place them in your hotel’s safety deposit box and request an itemized receipt. For credit cards or documents you must leave behind, seal them in a signed envelope for added peace of mind.
3. Guest Pick-Up Logistics
Pickup logistics in Cusco can be complex due to the city’s ancient layout.
Historic Center Access: Many streets in the historic center (like San Blas or near the Plaza) are pedestrian-only or too narrow for our touring vans. If your hotel or Airbnb is in a “no-access zone,” we will coordinate a nearby, safe meeting point accessible by car.
The “Pickup Window”: Please be ready in your lobby, but understand that pickup times may vary by 30 to 45 minutes. Traffic in Cusco is unpredictable in the mornings, and we may be collecting other guests before reaching you. Your guide will confirm the estimated time the night before via WhatsApp.
Recommendation: For the smoothest start to your Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour, we recommend booking accommodation with direct vehicle access.
4. Availability & Seasonal Conditions
The Palccoyo tour operates daily, year-round, but the experience changes with the seasons:
Dry Season (April – October): Offers the best visibility and the sharpest contrast in colors.
Rainy Season (November – March): You can expect lush, neon-green landscapes and dramatic clouds. Occasional snow can cover the mountain, creating a unique white landscape.
Booking: We offer both private and small-group options. We highly recommend booking early to secure your preferred date.
5. Permits, Fees & Altitude Safety
No Trekking Permits: Unlike the Inca Trail, no government permits are needed. However, your tour includes a local entrance fee that directly supports the economic development of the Palcoyo community.
Altitude Warning: Palcoyo sits at 4,900m (16,000ft). Even though the hike is short, altitude sickness is a real risk. We mandate that you spend at least one full day in Cusco to acclimatize before attempting this tour. Our guides carry oxygen tanks and first-aid kits for your safety.
6. Policy on Strikes and Demonstrations
Social protests and transport strikes are a reality in Peru and can occasionally disrupt travel.
Our Contingency Plan: We monitor local news constantly. If a strike is announced, we will do everything possible to ensure your Palcoyo Rainbow Mountain tour proceeds. This often involves adjusting departure times (e.g., leaving at 3:00 AM instead of 5:00 AM) to pass through roads before they are blocked.
Safety First: If the situation is deemed unsafe by our operations chief, we will modify or cancel the tour. In this scenario, we will coordinate directly with you to offer an alternative date, a different route, or a refund solution. Your physical safety is always our top priority.
From:
$
- Affordable prices
- Expert guides
- Transport included
- Comfortable accommodation
- Unique cultural experience
Reviews
Find out what those who have trusted us to explore unique destinations and live extraordinary adventures have to say.
